Which of the following is true of Gruber's meta-analysis on physical activity and self-esteem?

The statement highlighting that the greatest self-esteem gains were observed in children who needed it the most reflects a key finding from Gruber's meta-analysis. This suggests that when children who are typically less confident or face challenges engage in physical activity, they experience significant boosts in their self-esteem. This outcome can be attributed to several factors, such as the sense of achievement that comes from physical participation, the social interactions involved, and the improvement in overall well-being that physical activity fosters. When children participate in activities that they enjoy or excel at, this can positively reinforce their self-image, especially if they have previously struggled with low self-esteem.

In contrast, other statements may oversimplify or misrepresent the nuanced relationship found in Gruber's study. For instance, suggesting that too few studies were included in the meta-analysis would undermine the comprehensive nature of the review. Additionally, the claim that typically developing children's self-esteem benefitted while those developing atypically did not fails to capture the specific findings related to the positive outcomes in both groups, especially among those with lower initial self-esteem. Lastly, stating that physical activity had very little impact contradicts the overall positive correlation established by the analysis, which highlighted the benefits.